Smolensk region - a subject of the Russian Federation with an area of about 50 thousand km² and a population of one million people, is part of the Central Federal District. The administrative center of the region is the city of Smolensk. Other large settlements: Vyazemsky district and Vyazma, Safonovo, Gagarin, Roslavl, Yartsevo.
The main tourist profile of the Smolensk region with its abundance of museums, monuments of architecture and parks is a diverse "excursion" and a relaxing holiday in the entourage of Russian nature. Among the main attractions of the region: the museum-reserve "Khmelita", the center of art crafts village Talashkino, the national park Smolenskoe Poozerie. Also worth visiting Vyazemsky Kremlin and the Smolensk fortress wall, archaeological complex "Gnezdovskie kurgans" and Katyn forest.
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Geography
Located in the west of the European part of Russia. In the north it borders on the Pskov region, with the Bryansk region - in the west, in the south and south-west - with Belarus, in the east - with the Moscow region, with the Kaluga region - in the east and southeast.
Smolensk region is considered a forest edge, mixed forests of aspen, birch and spruce occupy about 40% of the territory. Here you can meet rare animals: hare-hare, elk, fox, wolf, marten, and from birds - woodpecker, bullfinch, thrush, wood-grouse, owl. On the territory of the region a national park "Smolenskoye Poozerie" was created, created in 1992 and protecting the forests from the spread of illegal logging. In addition, the Gagarinsky Nature Park has been operating since 2007.
Weather
The climate in the Smolensk region is moderately continental. In the north-west of the region often rains, so in summer there is a fear of cyclones. In January, the average temperature is -9 degrees, in July +17.
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How to get to Smolensk region
There are two airports in Smolensk: the civil Smolensk-Yuzhny, closed at the beginning of the 2000s, and Smolensk-Severny of joint basing. At present, both airports are closed.
The main railway line Moscow-Minsk-Brest, passing through the regional cities of Smolensk, Safonovo, Yartsevo, Gagarin and Vyazma is of special importance. In addition, on single-track diesel lines you can get to the Baltic States (the historical gauge Riga-Orel), from Smolensk to Sukhinichi, from Vyazma to Rzhev, Bryansk and Kaluga, from Roslavl to Sukhinichi. Inside the region there are internal branches of Durovo-Vladimirsky Tupik, Smolensk-Soshno
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The total length of federal highways is almost 700 km: This is the main Moscow-Minsk motorway, the Moscow-Maloyaroslavets-Roslavl and Bryansk - Smolensk
One of the main highways M1 "Belarus", 300 kilometers long, is laid through Safonovo, Yartsevo, Vyazma and Smolensk. Route A141 Eagle - Vitebsk, length of 221 km passes through Smolensk, Roslavl and Rudnya. "Old Polish" or "Warsaw" A101 Moscow-Warsaw, 115 km long, goes through Roslavl and Desnogorsk.
Significant local roads connect regional cities. This is the "Old Smolensk road", passing through Smolensk, Dorogobuzh, Vyazma and Zubtsov, the route P137 from Safonovo to Roslavl, from Smolensk to Nelidovo (R136) and Nevel, (P133).
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Entertainment, excursions and sightseeing of the Smolensk region
Ancient settlement near the village of Novye Bateki, dating from the middle of the 1st millennium BC. e., and the nesting burial mounds are the oldest cultural and architectural monuments of the Smolensk region. The churches of Michael the Archangel, Peter and Paul of the 11th century are masterpieces of the temple architecture of the pre-Mongol era.
There is also something more modern to visit: the estate of IS Baryshnikov in the village of Aleksino, the houses of the 18-19th century in Demidov, in the villages of Apolye, Lipets, as well as the Church of St. John the Evangelist, the Holy Dormition Cathedral of the 18th century. In the village of Samuilovo, 25 km to the north of Gagarin, is the former estate of Prince AA Golitsyn - a complex consisting of a palace and office buildings.
There are more than 25 museums in the Smolensk region. Three of them are the united memorial museum of Yu. A. Gagarin, the Smolensk State Museum-Reserve and the State Nature and Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve named after A.Ya. AS Griboyedov - museums of regional importance. The rest, and most of them, are located in Smolensk.
The village of Talashkino became a cultural center, created in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by the famous princess MK Tenisheva, who was a public figure, artist and collector. In different years there were Nikolai Roerich, Alexander Benois, Ilya Repin, Mikhail Vrubel and Igor Stravinsky.
Holidays and events
The last weekend of May in Smolensk is the International Festival of the author's song "Smolenskoe Lake", or "Balaklanovskie zori". And at the end of May - beginning of June fans of classical music can visit the All-Russian Musical Festival named after M. Glinka, native of Smolensk.
In the central square of Smolensk, twice a year (beginning of May and the end of September), a fair traditionally takes place. Photo of the Smolensk region (59)